Refrigerating apparatus



Patented May 24, l19324 .y

ffjRErnrenuATI/NG ArPArcATUs original .appncacion mea :september :21,- f1`-92s,'seria1 11053013481" Divided :matins atpliauonmedfrmi u e Our invention relates to retrigerating. apparatus, and Vits 'object is to provide a cabi.- net particularly .adapted to keep iceV cream and other .confeotions at the required low i5, temperature by means 4o-soliditled carbon dioxide .gas or like refrigerant. For this purpose We employ V.ai heat-insulated .receptacle tinuous metallic 'connectionis established between the refrigerant atthe bottom of .the jar Vand the materialin the can. This is important, as otherwise the .carbonAdioX-ide gas,

which is heavier than air and htends to settle $5 at'the bottom .of the jar, Wil-1.11ct4 refrigerate the upper space around the can low enough :t0 keep ice cream .-in'ifrozen condition.

The feature of our refrigeratingapparatus .claimed `j nthis application, which is a divi-V sion of our copending case filed September;

21, 1928, Serial' Number :3.07 ,348, comprises a double-Walled rta-enum jarprovided with an -inrlerlinin-gof molded material, such as bakelite, hard rubber, iasphalturn, andthe like. Thislining not only reinforces the inner glass wall, but prevents shattering, of the vglass in the eventof breakage. `In*` somercases the `molded lining may be covered iwith a sheetV 'metal shell, which strengthens the lining "and also acts; asa conductor of heati-(orA cold) The practical advantages-of lour invention will befullyunderstood from a detailed. de-V scription of the embodiment illustrated in the.y

.a0.companyingdrawingsinvvhichw .e

Fig. f1 is a-verticalsectlon through` an lce .cream-Cabinet constructed in accordancewlth our inventiongand Fig. .2 is aghorizontalrCIQSSQsectionOnline' .a0 l Y, outer casingfispiouded the tom Awith a .spring support `E12V 4adapted" re;

ceive `a heatlinsulated receptacle v13; lf `the.

'AUBIN 1E. PArsoN ANn Minna?. WETMOREQOE ivoiswicn,'conmicriou'rff jj casing l'O is ofwoovd,ritiis cheapest to con# struct itas a rectangular boli; but if it is" of Y sheet metal, the .best Way .is to make -t in cylindrical shape. The particular 'construc,V` tionlof the'-'outer casing isimmaterial, proV vided it-is practicalto use'. Thespringsup' port l2 may comprise a sheet metal plate provided WithV radial ,arms vor extensions" 14, `which are so shapedas to form a spherical recess l5 .adapted to .receive therounded fbotf tom 16 of V'rece}g tacle11,3. :In the broaderfaspeet of :our invention, the receptacle `orV con-v tarner 13 .may be .of any practical construction and design, but 4at this .time We prefer ya double-Walled vacuum jar' oflstrong glass, such as pyrexrfglasawhich isA capable of Withstanding .mechanical shocks andchanges .of

temperature. Alilor brevity Vand convenience We shall refer to thefreceptacle 13;.as a jar.,

limitation ,here andiin the, claims. 'The allh nular vacuum .space between the inner .and

Ivvithout therebyjint'ending any structural v i space betweenthe extensions laici-.plate l2.

Strong compression coil springs 181 fact. as.a' A

resilient `mounting for; 1 thel .jar-.supporting plate 12. The lovverendso springs .18V `are `attached, toflugs 1.9 ,on the4 hottomfofcasing l0, and the othergends of the springsare conf nected to lugs 2O "proJecting from the `botten-1 employed..

fof support 12.` lAnyother practicalA .torni of" resilient mountingor the .ier 13 f may! le@ *The @stimulates jariaisprviafidaian .annular shoulder .or breast "portion 2.1, which divides the yjar into a, small ,llo-Wer, .chamber l .22 and a large upper A,chamber@3 ofgreater 4diameter than theylovver chamber-,f Whichis y adapted to contain afsuitablerefrigerant.24.

the present time Wejpreferftouse dry ice, as solidified V,carbon dioxide is. commer` cially known, because it gis easily .available and performsits intended function with Sat-1 isfactory results. l ."lhe, cooling. chamber 22 s closedby adisk or plug 25,preferablyot 'non-,oo nductingV .material-, such as ibakelitq hard rubber, cork and the like. The, .plugi which metallic heat-conductors 28 are attached; Thel conductors 28 are shown as chains, but they may be rods, coils, or otherV practical forms of metallic heat-conductors betweenV the` cooling chamber 22 andV the metal plate 27. Chains of copper havebeen found to give satisfactory results. The plug 251is nprovided with holes through 'which thei metal conductors 28 extend into the cooling chamber. Y .p

' A metal can 29 containing a vsuitable confection is placed on the'metal plate 27, so

that a direct metallic heat-conducting con-v Y nection isv established between the Yrefrigerant in chamber22 and the confection inV can 29.

In this way, thecooling action'of the refrigerant is effectively communicated to the contents of container 29. Springs hold the container 29 in firm position on the. metallic supporting yplate 27, andv at' the same time they act as `shock absorbers in a'late'ral" or radial direction. "The inside of glass jar 13 is preferably provided with a lining 31 mold* ed of b'akelite, asphaltum, hardrubber, or Vthe like, to Yconform tothe shape of the j ar, and over the lining 31Vfits a sheet metalshell 31 of good heat-conducting properties. This shell may-be spunof aluminum, brass, copper, iron and soon. The lining 3l constitutes a heat-insulating backing for the conducting shell'j31, which forms a metal Yconnection of 'large surface areabetween the freezing chamber 22 and the upper chamber 23 where the confection islocated. The parts 31 and 314 not only improvelthe heat-insulating properties of 'thejaig but falso protect the Jar against,breakageV The plug 25 rests on the metal shell 31", which is preferably in direct 'contact with'theperiphery of-metal plate 27.Y It is convenient to attach the centering springs 30 to the metalshell 31"as shown at 30. If asphaltum is used for the VYlining 31, it may be poured in a liquid state into the space between the jar and thgemetal shell'31;v This allows the liquid asphaltum to take up any irregularities or unevenness A' Y inthe adjacent glassandmetal surfaces.

The top of the outer cabinet 10 is closed 1by a cover 3,2 which ispreferably of heat-ine sulating material like: bakelite, hard rubber or other molded composition. The cover 32 hasa circular opening33 adapted to be closed by astopper 34, which may be of the same material as the cover. To leavethetop of 69 stopperV 34 flat, it may be provided at the Y center with a recess 35 bridged 4by al linger piece 36,1Which may be moldedv integral with the stopper` ora separate metal strip imbedi ded at its ends in the moldedmaterial of the stopper.v The coverv 32 has an outer flange 37 for establishing a good thermal connection 10, and the'inner'wall of the cover is formed with an annular shoulder 38 and an annular 'I extension 39. -The shoulder 38 engages the top of jar 13, and the extension 39 engages the top of the" shell 31, whereby the jar and its shell-are firmly held in upright position by the cover 32.V The-opening 33 is wide enough to pern'iit` thefieasy insertion and removal of the Icontainer 29. The stopper 34 escape of carbon dioxide gas `when the pressure inV chamberg23 'becomes toogreat.v Ink the ordinary use ofthe ice cream cabinet,

Y the frequent removalrof therstopper allows the escape of accumulated gas from the cabinet. y

YIt will be seen rfrom the preceding description that we have'provided a simple, compact and efficient re'frigeratingv device'for,`

keeping confections at the required freezing temperature. YThe parts are easy to assemble and easy to separate, so that the replenishing of the refrigerant is a simple matter. The use ofdry ice not only gives better refrigeration than ordinary water ice, kbut itpermits the cabinet to be alwaysdryand easily kept clean. VIn the old form of ice cream cabinets, Y

be much larger than thev jar that contains n the ice cream can. This compactnessY of struc- 'i ture'is of practical importance, since the 1 space behind counters in many of the stores 'is'limited, and a saving of vspace is'falways a factor of economy 1n stores where high rents Yprevail.-

The molded shell 31is ofsp'ecialadvan`` tagebecause it makes the jar safe tojuse by preventing the shattering of glassif the ar v should'break. When the vacuum in Jars of this Vtype* collapses, .as sometimes Y happens,

the glass is blown toa fine powder which flies Vin all directions 'at highvelocity.v People have been injuredin accidents of that kind, andattendants have handledV the unprotected jars with a feeling of risk. VAll these'dangers fand' diiculties are completely eliminated by Vour shell-lined jar, which can not'injureanybody even if `it shouldexplode. The shell 31 is readily insertedl and removed, and is easy to keep clean.` Theouter sheet metal :cover 31 increases the strength' ofcompositelin- Y ings 31-31 and facilitates the distribution of cold in the `jar. We want it understood,

however, that the metal shell 31y is not neces- '130 sary in all cases, particularly in 'jars having no separate dry-ice chamber; So far as our protective lining is concerned, the jar maybe v of any practical shape andwe do not limit ourselves to the special form of j ar shown in the drawings.

Although we have shown and described a specific construction, we want it understood that our invention is not limited to the details set forth. Changes and modioations may be adopted without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

We claim as our invention: 1. The combination of an outer casing adapted to hold a double-.walled vacuum jar of glass, a shell of molded insulating mate-` rial removably fitted within said jar, a second shell of imperforate sheet metal removably fitted within said insulating shell, an

annular member removably mounted on top i oi said easing and engaging the rim of said j ar to assist-in supporting the latter firmly in upright position, said annular member being out of engagement with said inner metal shell so that the latter maybe removed without disturbing said member, and a removable stopper for closing said annularmember.

2.v The combination of anV outer casing having means inside to engage the base portion of a double-walled vacuum ar andsupport the same in upright position, the top rim of said j ar terminating below the top vedge of said easing, a shell of molded insulating material removably fitted within said jar and terminating substantially flush with the rim of the jar, an apertured member removably mounted on top of said easing and having an annular shoulder projecting into the Ycasing to engage the top edge of said jarfand shell, whereby said ar and shell are rigidly held'as a unit in said easing, a seoondshell` of sheet metal removablytted within said insulating shell and'insertable through the aperture in said member, whereby said second shellis removable andjreplaceable without disturbing the insulatingshell, and a ,cover for closing said apertured member. v

' AUBIN E. PAYSON..

Y MINER P. VVVE'IMORE. 

